上海市松江区蜱虫种类及分布的调查分析

Investigation and analysis on species and distribution of ticks in Songjiang district of Shanghai

目的了解松江区蜱虫种类及分布情况,为蜱虫及蜱媒传染病的防治提供依据。方法采用人工布旗法和动物体表逆毛捡拾法对不同生境和动物体表开展蜱类调查,并将蜱虫带回实验室进行种类鉴定。结果野外环境仅在辰山上采集到长角血蜱30只,平均密度为0.06只/100 m;调查1 322只动物,38只动物体表(均为犬)带蜱,检出蜱虫236只,均为血红扇头蜱,动物总带蜱率为2.87%,其中有232只蜱从养犬场的犬体表检出,带蜱率高达13.6%;居民宠物带蜱率和带蜱密度均较低;而宠物店的宠物和捕获野鼠体表均未检出蜱虫。结论松江区不同生镜、场所及动物体表蜱虫的种类和密度分布不一。血红扇头蜱是松江区的优势种,养犬场蜱虫孳生较高,是蜱虫防治的重点场所,而野外环境和宠物带蜱较低。

Objective To understand the species and distribution of ticks in Songjiang,and provide the basis for the control and prevention of ticks and tick-borne diseases. Methods Ticks were collected from different environment with white banner or from the animal body surface by hand searching,then identified in laboratory. Results 30 free ticks collected from Chenshan were Haemaphysalis longicornis with density of 0. 06 pieces per hundred meters. 236 parasitic ticks,Rhipicephalus sanguineus,were collected from 38 dogs of 1 322 investigated animals,of which 232 ticks from dogs in kennels with tick rate of 13. 6%. The parasitic rate and the density of ticks in domestic pets were low. Few ticks were detected from pets in pet shops and from rats in field environment. Conclusion The species and distribution of ticks were different with environments,however,Rhipicephalus sanguineus is the dominant species in Songjiang district.