驻山东部队营区重要病媒生物及媒介生物性疾病的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of important medical vectors and vector-borne diseases in military camps in Shandong

目的摸清驻山东部队营区重要媒介生物的种群密度和媒介生物性疾病的发生状况,评估重要媒介生物性疾病的发病风险。方法鼠、蚊、蝇和蟑螂的种群密度监测依据《消毒杀虫灭鼠技术》实施,根据调查结果开展重要媒介生物风险评估。结果部队营区共发现鼠类3科5属9种、蚊类4亚科5属19种、蝇类4科50属122种、蟑螂3种。鼠以褐家鼠为优势种,招待所鼠密度最高;中华按蚊、淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊在各部队营区均有分布,不同营区优势蚊种存在差异性;不同营区和同一营区的不同场所优势蝇种存在较大差异,季节消长呈单峰型;蟑螂危害较轻,德国小蠊为绝对优势种;发生媒介生物性疾病7种,列前3位是肾综合征出血热、疟疾和恙虫病。结论肾综合征出血热在农村部队传播的风险为高等风险,恙虫病和流行性乙型脑炎为中等风险,丝虫病和疟疾为较小风险。

Objective To investigate the population density of important medical vectors and the potential of vectorborne diseases in military camps in Shandong. Methods Population density investigating of rodent,mosquitoes,flies and cockroaches was carried out based on the book'Disinsection and Deratization'. Risk evaluation of vectorborne diseases was carried out according to investigating results. Results The captured rodentia belonged to 9 species,5 genus,3 families; mosquitoes 19 species,5 genus; flies 122 species,50 genus,4 families; cockroaches 3 species. Rattus Norvegicus was the dominant species of rodent. The highest rodent density appeared in the hotels. Anopheles sinensis,Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes Albopictus existed in all camps investigated. Blattela germanica was the dominant cockroach species. Seven vector-borne diseases occured from 2005,and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,malaria and inundation fever were the top three. Conclusion The risk of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is high in camps of rural.