苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂防治白蚁效果的研究进展

Advance on the study of benzoylurea insecticides for termite control

白蚁是一类以木质纤维素为食的社会性昆虫,在自然环境中,它们常对房屋建筑、经济林木和水利工程造成危害,利用饵剂消灭其巢群是减少白蚁危害的重要方法。以前,人们主要用灭蚁灵作为白蚁饵剂的有效成分。由于灭蚁灵是持久性有机污染物,已被世界各国禁止生产和使用。苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂作用于昆虫的几丁质合成酶,造成昆虫幼虫脱皮后不能形成新表皮而死亡,因而对人和动物非常安全,是一类具有广阔应用前景的灭蚁灵替代品。本文简要介绍了苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂的种类和作用特点,概括了它们作为饵剂有效成分防治白蚁的效果,指出了它们在白蚁防治中存在的问题及今后的发展方向。

Termites are social insects feeding lignocelluloses. In a natural environment,they usually damage houses and buildings,crops and trees and dams and dykes. Application of bait to eliminate the colony of termites is an important method to control the damage of termites. In the past,mirex is one of main active components used in termite baits. Mirex is now forbidden for its persistent organic pollution. An urgent task for termite control is to find out environmentally friendly compounds as the active component of termite bait. Benzoylurea insecticides act on the chitin synthetase of insects and cause insect death. This group of insecticides is safe to human and environment and can be applied as the alternative of mirex to control termite. In this paper,benzoylurea insecticides and the control effect of benzoylurea baits are introduced. The shortage of benzoylurea baits for termite control is also discussed.