塑料饲养大蜡螟幼虫肠道可培养细菌多样性

Diversity of the culturable gut bacteria of the wax moth larvae fed with polyethylene plastic

【背景】昆虫肠道中存在大量的微生物,是昆虫正常生命活动所必需的。它们能够促进维生素的合成、脂肪和碳水化合物的吸收及利用,同时还可以保护宿主抵御天敌,忍受高温以及促进毒素或异生素的代谢,间接促进资源开发。【目的】研究PE塑料饲喂的大蜡螟幼虫肠道可培养细菌的多样性。【方法】利用16S rRNA基因序列分析技术,结合菌落形态和细胞形态及相关生理生化特征鉴定细菌种类。【结果】从大蜡螟幼虫肠道分离纯化的40株可培养细菌得到16种不同细菌遗传型,分别属于芽孢杆菌科(Bacillaceae)、肠球菌科(Enterococcaceae)、葡萄球菌科(Staphylococcaceae)、莫拉菌科(Moraxellaceae)4个科。其中芽孢杆菌科是肠道可培养细菌的优势细菌种类。结合菌落和细胞形态及生理生化特征,确定肠道可培养细菌为芽孢杆菌属9株、肠球菌属4株、葡萄球菌属2株以及不动杆菌属1株。【结论】通过研究大蜡螟幼虫肠道可培养细菌群落结构组成,可为开展大蜡螟肠道的微生态研究提供相关理论基础。

[Background] There are a large number of microorganisms in the intestinal tract of insects, which are necessary for the normal life activities of insects. They promote the synthesis of vitamins, absorption and utilization of fats, carbohydrates and also protect the host against natural enemies, endure high temperature and promote the metabolism of toxins or xenobiotics, and indirectly promote resource development.[Objective] To study the diversity of culturable bacteria isolated from the whole larvae gut of Galleria mellonella. [Methods] A molecular phylogeny of the 16 S rRNA gene, the morphology of the colonies and the cells as well as related physiological and biochemical characteristics were used to identify the bacterial species. [Results] A total of 40 culturable bacteria from the intestine of G. mellonella were classified into16 unique phylotypes. All sequenced bacteria strains were grouped into four families: Bacillaceae,Enterococcaceae, Staphylococcaceae and Moraxellaceae. Among them, Bacillus spp. is the most dominant species of culturable intestinal bacteria. It was determined that the culturable intestinal bacteria included9 strains of Bacillus, 4 strains of Enterococcus, 2 strains of Staphylococcus, and 1 strain of Acinetobacter.[Conclusion] By studying the composition of bacterial communities that can be cultured from the larvae intestine of G. mellonella, this study provides theoretical basis for the microecology research of the gut of G.mellonella.