中国白粉菌属的分类研究——Ⅱ.小檗科、秋海棠科和蓝雪科上的新种、新变种和新组合

TAXONOMIC STUDIES ON THE GENUS ERYSIPHE OF CHINA——Ⅱ.NEW SPECIES,NEW VARIETY AND NEW COMBINATION ON BERBERIDACEAE,BEGONIACEAE AND PLUMBAGINACEAE

寄生于小檗科、秋海棠科和蓝雪科上的白粉菌属(Erysiphe)真菌过去早有报道。但无论国内、国外,往往都将这三个科上的白粉菌属真菌鉴定为 Erysiphe polygom(DC.)St.-Am.一种。我们对中国有关标本的研究结果表明,该三科寄主上的白粉菌既不同于 Erysiphe polygon(?)(DC.)St.-Am.,与其他已知种亦有显著不同,彼此之间也有明显差异。小檗科上共鉴定出一个原变种新组合淫羊藿白粉菌 Erysiphe epimedii(Tai)comb.nov.var.epimedii 和一个新变种褐丝淫羊藿白粉菌 Erysiphe epimedii(Tai)Zheng et Chen var.brunnea var.nov.,它们的重要共同特征是子囊的壁是粗糙的,彼此之间在主要性状上一致,但又有另外一些差别。秋海棠科上的种被鉴定为新种秋海棠白粉菌 Erysiphe begonia(?) sp.nov.,它的突出性状是在每一个子囊壳内都有大、小两种子囊同时存在,大、小子囊形态相似但体积不同,大、小子囊内的子囊孢子也是形态相似、体积不同。蓝雪科上的种则被鉴定为新种金黄白粉菌 Erysiphe aurea sp.nov.,它因有金黄色的子囊壳内壁而与所有的已知种都不一样。新种和新变种有汉文及拉丁文描述,新组合有汉文描述。每个新分类单位与其同科或不同科的近似种之间的关系亦有详细讨论。

Powdery mildews belonging to thegenus Erysiphe parasitic on Berberida-ceae,Begoniaceae and Plumbaginaceaewere reported long ago.In many cases,these fungi were identified as one singlespecies,Erysiphe polygoni (DC.) St.-Am.After a study on the related specimenscollected from China was made,the presentauthors consider that the powdery mildewson these three families are quite differentfrom Erysiphe polygoni (DC.) st.-Am.as well as from any other knownspecies of Erysiphe.Moreover,Signi-ficant differences also exist among them-selves.One new combination,Erysiphe eyi-medii (Tai) comb.nov.var.epimedii,and one new variety,Erysiphe epimedii(Tai) Zheng et Chen var.brunnea var.nov.were identified on Berberidaceae.The common important characteristic ofthese two varieties is that the wall of theascus is verruculose.Although theyaccord with each other in main aspects,they are dissimilar in some otheraspects.The fungus on Begoniaceae was iden-tified as Erysiphe begoniae sp.nov.Theoutstanding characteristic of this fungusis that two kinds of asci present in thesame perithecium.The two kinds of asciare similar in shape but different in size.Ascospores from the two kinds of asci arealso similar in shape but different insize.The fungus on Plumbaginaceae wasidentified as Erysiphe aurea sp.nov.Itdiffers from all known species of Ery-siphe in possessing a golden-yellowcoloured inner wall of the perithecium.Chinese and Latin diagnoses are givenfor the new species and new variety,andChinese diagnosis is given for(?)the newcombination.Relation between these newtaxa and their allied species of the sameor different families is also discussed.