矿产地球化学勘查体系的探讨

A tentative discussion on the mineral geochemical prospecting system

矿产地球化学勘查划分为区域地球化学勘查、地球化学普查、地球化学详查三个阶段,每个阶段都有其自身的工作特点。但我国化探工作习惯以区域化探的思维来开展地球化学普查、地球化学详查工作,导致部分工作不到位,出现地球化学信息获取不足等情况。笔者通过对矿产地球化学勘查不同阶段的目的任务与性质、野外工作方法、室内资料整理、异常分类与异常查证、分析测试等五个方面的梳理与分析,提出区域地球化学勘查→地球化学普查→地球化学详查,是地球化学勘查方法的采样介质从水系沉积物→土壤→岩石,样品密度逐步加密,与地质体联系趋于紧密,不断逼近找矿目标体的一个系统过程。

Mineral geochemical prospecting includes three stages: regional exploration, reconnaissance and detailed geochemical sur?vey, and every stage has its unique work features. However, geochemists in China are used to conducting reconnaissance and detailed survey according to the concept of regional chemical survey, which results in inadequate implementation of some work and insufficient obtaining of geochemical information. Based on organizing and analyzing different purposes and characteristics at each geochemical stage, field investigation, indoor information processing, anomaly classification and verification, and laboratory analysis, the authors have reached the conclusion that the progressive geochemical survey from regional exploration through reconnaissance to detailed geo?chemical survey is equivalent to the change of sampling media from stream sediments through soil to rocks, and during this process sampling density gradually increases and the connection of the work with the geological body becomes closer and closer. This is a sys?tematical process approaching to the prospecting target.