VSP高斯射线束法叠加成像

The Gaussian beam stack imaging method of VSP

叠加是地震数据处理的核心环节,可以有效地压制噪声提高信噪比。在VSP地震勘探中,常规的叠加方法在复杂构造中成像精度受到极大的限制。文中采用高斯射线束方法对复杂构造进行正演模拟,将得到的波场特征与实际资料波场特征进行对比,调整参数获得合适的速度场;在叠加过程中采用逆高斯的思想,对实际地震资料共炮集数据进行反射波场归位,得到共反射点道集数据,选择合适的面元尺寸进行叠加获得复杂构造的叠加波场特征。通过大量模型测试,VSP高斯束叠加方法可以有效地反演地下结构特征。应用该方法对M地区进行成像研究,结果表明该方法能够准确反演地下结构特征,为数据处理与解释提供依据。

As one of the key steps in seismic data processing,stacking can effectively suppress the noise and improve signal?to?noise ra?tio.In VSP seismic exploration, the imaging precision of the conventional superposition method is greatly limited in the complex struc?ture.In this paper,the authors used the Gaussian beam method as forward modeling method for complex structure,compared the wave field characteristics of model with features of real data,and obtained the appropriate velocity field through adjusting the parameters.The idea of inverse Gaussian beam was adopted in the process of stacking,the common reflection point gathers were obtained by migrating the reflection wave field of real seismic data to the correct position,and then the stacking field characteristics could be acquired by stac?king the data in an appropriate bin size.A large number of model tests show that VSP Gaussian beam stacking method can effectively in?vert the underground structure characteristics.The method was used in the imaging study of M area,and the results show that this method can accurately invert the underground structure characteristics and provide an accurate basis for seismic data processing and interpreta?tion.