寒区武警官兵遂行任务中胃肠道疾病发生情况的调查

Investigation on gastrointestinal disease situation of armed police soldiers in cold regions during missions

【目的】调查黑龙江和内蒙古地区武警战士遂行任务时胃肠道疾病发生的状况,探讨低温环境下执行任务对于官兵胃肠道疾病发生的影响,从而为制定科学的防控措施提供依据。【方法】采用整群抽样对黑龙江某部和内蒙古某部武警战士124人进行遂行任务中出现胃肠道症状的回顾性的问卷调查。SPSS统计软件进行数据的录入及分析,不同组率的比较分析采用χ2检验。【结果】本次受调查的124例官兵中,有胃肠道症状的为35例,占28.2%。症状患病前3位分别为腹胀12.9%,便秘12.1%和腹泻8.9%,且存在战士在一次任务中出现两种以上胃肠道症状。寒区官兵胃肠道疾病受吸烟、进食速度过快影响,患病组吸烟率为40.0%,明显高于对照组22.5%;进食速度过快行为在患病组为60.0%高于37.1%。在心理因素中,精神紧张和执行任务频次高为寒区执行任务官兵胃肠道疾病发生的危险因素。【结论】寒区武警官兵遂行任务时易发生胃肠道疾病,吸烟、进食速度快、心理应激因素是其影响因素,应进行耐寒锻炼稳定胃肠功能,增加膳食热量和蔬果比例,健康教育改变不良饮食习惯,心理辅导缓解精神压力,做好有针对性的卫勤保障。

【Objective】Through investigating the situation of gastrointestinal disease of armed police soldiers in Hei Long-jiang and Nei Meng-gu provinces during missions,to discuss the effects of cold temperature,behavior and psychological stress factors on gastrointestinal disease in order to provide reference to establish effective preventive measures and reduce non-combat attrition.【Methods】124 armed police soldiers were sampled for retrospective investigation of gastrointestinal diseases in cold regions during missions.SPSS statistical software was used for data analysis and Chi-square test was used for comparative analysis.【Results】35 soldiers had gastrointestinal symptoms accounting for 28.2%.The major symptoms were abdominal distension(12.9%),followed by constipation(12.1%)and diarrhea(8.9%),with most soldiers suffering from two or more gastrointestinal symptoms.The incidence rate influenced by smoking(40.0%)in the diseased group was 22.5%higher than that of the control group,and the incidence rate influenced by high feeding speed behavior was 60.0%higher;In the psychological factors,mental stress and high frequency mission were risk factors of gastrointestinal disease in cold regions.【Conclusion】Gastrointestinal disease is easy to happen when armed police soldiers in cold regions carry out tasks,and are affected by smoking and high feeding speed.The psychological stress factor cannot be ignored.We should take cold-resistant exercises to stable gastrointestinal function,increase dietary calorie and the proportion of fruits and vegetables,do health education to change bad eating habits,provide psychological counseling to ease the mental stress,and completes corresponding medical support.