非圆车削中刀具运动实现方法

Optimum cutting tool motion for noncircular turning

为了分析非圆车削过程中切削速度和刀具工作角度变化对工件加工质量和刀具使用寿命的影响,建立了非圆车削切削速度和刀具工作角度的数学模型。以椭圆截面活塞和盘形凸轮零件的车削为例,定量分析了刀具工作角度随零件非圆截面周向位置变化的规律。结果表明:非圆车削刀具运动形式取决于零件非圆截面径向尺寸变化范围。提出了非圆车削中的刀具复合运动及其实现方法,设计了一种具有径向往复移动和摆动的刀具驱动机构,适于车削凸轮等零件,可保证最佳的刀具工作状态。

A cutting speed model and a tool working angle model were used to analyze the effects of cutting speed and working angle variations on machining quality and tool lifetime during noncircular turning. Then, an engine piston with an oval cross section and a disk cam were taken as examples for computing the tool working angles as a function of the circumferential positions of the workpiece with a noncircular cross section. The analysis shows that the cutting tool motion during noncircular turning is dependent on the radial contour range of the workpiece. An improved combined tool motion method was then developed and implemented. A tool drive mechanism with radial vibration and oscillation was developed especially for noncircular cam turning which gave the optimal working condition. 