济源奉仙观三清殿大木作营造模数制度研究

Study on the Construction Module System of the Timber Structure in Sanqing Hall of Fengxian Temple in Jiyuan

通过对济源奉仙观三清殿的实物勘测和文献调查,在掌握了该建筑木构架构造和构件的具体尺寸及修建历史的基础上,试想推论出该建筑大木作营造的模数制度,研究发现该建筑使用的营造尺1尺等于31厘米,营造的基本尺度模数为0.5尺,基本比例模数为5份,建筑平面、柱、铺作、举屋、折屋、出际、檐出等的营造制度,基本是沿用宋制,其间广、椽平长、柱高、构件长、出际长、檐出、飞子出等构架、构件尺度控制用三等材,构件断面尺度控制采用四等材,并且后檐在用材、铺作程级及檐出等方面低于前檐一个位阶。

By the physical exploration and literature survey on Sanqing Hall of Fengxian Temple in Jiyuan, based on mastering the specific size of the construction timber frame structure and components and the built history, this paper deduced the module system of the timber structure, and pointed that the construction measurement rule here is 31 cm equal to 1 chi, the basic measure of modulus is 0.5 chi, the basic scale module is 5 unit. The construction system mainly followed the system of Song Dynasty, some components were made in third class material, others made in forth class material, the material used for the front eaves were usually with higher quality than those for the back eaves.