超声波振动精密切削GFRP的实验研究

Finish cutting of GFRP by ultrasonic vibration

为改善玻璃纤维增强塑料(GlassFibreReinforcedPlastics)的切削加工性,提高加工精度和质量,采用超声波振动切削的方式对GFRP进行了精密切削加工。介绍了超声波振动切削的特性和GFRP的纤维束与切削速度方向的相位参数,相位参数沿圆周方向成周期性变化,变化周期为π。通过实验获得了不同切削条件下表面粗糙度的变化规律,粗糙度随相位角变化基本呈正弦规律,但在45°时粗糙度最大。振幅增大导致粗糙度明显下降。切削速度对粗糙度的变化曲线呈极值状态,在速度为100m/min时粗糙度最小。进给量小于0.06mm时,粗糙度呈下降趋势;大于0.06mm时,粗糙度增加较快;而大于0.09mm后粗糙度上升趋缓。切削深度对粗糙度的影响呈单调上升趋势。实验结果表明超声波振动切削可以使GFRP的加工表面粗糙度减少1倍,使加工质量得以提高。

In order to improve the machinability and machining accuracy of glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP), GFRP is finish cut using ultrasonic vibration. Experimental results indicate that the phase parameters of GFRP fibres with respect to cutting direction change in the circumferential direction at cycle; the variation of surface roughness with the phase angle under different cutting conditions is sinusoidal with maximum roughness at 45°; an increase in amplitude causes an obvious drop in roughness; the variation of roughness with cutting speed is extremal, and roughness is minimum at 100 m/min; the surface roughness goes down when the feed is less than 0.06 mm, the roughness increases much faster when the feed is more than 0.06 mm, and the increase in roughness slows down when the feed is more than 0.09 mm; the influence of cutting depth on roughness is a monotonous rising trend. It is concluded from the experimental results that ultrasonic vibration cutting can half the surface roughness and improve the machining quality of GFRP.