英语无灵主语句研究的意向性视角

A study of English sentences with inanimate subjects from the perspective of intentionality

心智哲学的研究对象是心智活动,语言活动是心智活动的反映。心智哲学可以作为观察、描写并解释语言现象的框架,从心智过程来说明语言知识的本质。以心智哲学的意向性理论为依据,可以尝试思考英语无灵主语句何以是可能的。意向性包括意向态度和意向内容。意向态度反映了认知主体在特定时空的心智状态,它在很大程度上制约着语义和语符化表达式。认知主体以无灵名词或代词作为句子主语,是对原型语序和原型主语的反动,是"相对评估"的意向态度选择的结果,是认知主体基于意向态度对一个事件的再概念化。从意向性视角思考英语无灵主语句动因,不仅可以从新的视角来认识无灵句,而且可以借此管窥语言的心智属性。

Philosophy of mind studies mental activities represented by language activities. This paper,based on intentionality explores why an English sentence with inanimate subject is possible. Intentional attitude represents the mental state of people in a particular context,and governs the meaning and its linguistic representation. Using an inanimate subject in a sentence means a reaction against the prototypical word order and the prototypical subject,a choice of relative assessment of intentional attitude,and a re-conceptualization of an event.