社会认知语用学——Kecskes语用学理论评介

Socio-cognitive pragmatics:A critique of Kecskes' approach to pragmatics

Kecskes提出的社会认知语用学,主张语言交际是个复杂的过程,它同时涉及很多社会、认知、语用因素,如,合作、自我中心、意向、注意力、关联性、凸显度、实际情景语境、前语境等。这些因素互相影响,不可分割,因此语言研究必须同时考虑这些因素,不能片面强调一面,忽略另一面。这些都是值得肯定的。但是,该理论所谓的"社会"主要是跟"个人"对立的"集体",作者并没有强调其中的情感因素。这是该理论的不足。

Kecskes argues that communication is a complicated process,which involves many social,cognitive and pragmatic factors such as cooperation,egocentrism,intention,attention,relevance,salience,actual situational context and prior context. These factors are interwoven and interact with each other,and no one can be ignored. This is the strong side of Kecskes' approach. But by the 'social'Kecskes mainly means the 'collective',opposite to the 'individual',without taking the emotional part into consideration,which is a weak point of his theory.