数据的法律属性与保护模式

The Legal Nature and Protection Patterns of Data

数据是数据经济中的核心元素,具有结构性、排他性、可控性与客观性的特点。法律意义上的数据是计算机系统中,反映一定客观事实,可供利用的财产权利,具体表现为对数据的控制、处理能力。传统上对数据库保护模式无法有效在大数据环境下对数据进行保护。法律对数据的保护需要构建一套以'控制'为核心的法律体系,在控制者合法获取数据的基础上,明确保护数据控制者所享有的权利。

Data is at the center of the data economy,and data is characterized by structure,exclusivity,controllability,and objectivity.Legally,data is the property rights in the computer system that reflect certain objective facts and are available for utilization,which is reflected by ability to control and process the data.Traditionally,the mode of database protection cannot effectively protect data under the big data environment.The data protection of the law needs to construct a legal system with'control'as the core,and protect the rights of the data controller on the basis of the lawful access.