现存八种《红楼梦》重印活字本刍议

The Study of Eight Existing Reprinted Movable-type Copies of A Dream of the Red Mansions

现存《红楼梦》活字本中,除了纯粹的程甲本和程乙本之外,还有不少混装本或配装本。或因其资料鲜见,原本亦罕觏,历来论者颇少;加之各本残缺不一,异文复杂,甚至已影印之青石本、陈本、中本、津藏本等亦论者寥寥,而刘世德先生近作《四种〈红楼梦〉程乙本的差异》一文讨论了四种本子的细部特征和版次问题,颇开风气之先。在刘文基础上,本文继续考察青石本、中本、吴本、仓石本、陈本、津藏本等六种《红楼梦》活字本之差异、重叶、缺文、"异植字版"现象,考辨青石本乃活字印本中的早期过渡本;中本、吴本次之;仓石本、陈本、津藏本等又次之。

In the current movable-type copies of A Dream of the Red Mansions, besides the Chengjia and Chengyi versions, there are some mixed or merged versions. Few people have studied them, for the lack of research materials and original versions. Because most versions are not intact, or have different derivative versions, there are also very limited studies on them, including the photocopied versions of Qingshi, Chen, Zhong, and Jincang. In his recent works of “Differences of Four Chengyi Versions of A Dream of the Red Mansions”Liu Shide has discussed the detailed features and editional problems, starting a new phase on the topic. Based on Liu’s work, this article studies the differences of these versions, duplicate pages, text missing and“Yi Zhi Zi Edition”problems of the six movable-type copies of A Dream of the Red Mansions, including Qingshi, Zhong, Wu, Cangshi, Chen, and Jincang versions. It also proves that Qingshi copy is the early transitional version, Zhong and Wu copies are later, and Cangshi, Chen, Jincang copies are even later.