元人诗风追求“清和”论

Poetic Style of Tranquility and Harmony Pursued by Posts in the Yuan Dynasty

元代诗论家的诗风追求是"清和"。长期以来,学者们将元诗的特点也是元代诗学追求的风格概括为"雅正"。雅正确实是中国诗学的一个风格概念,但更多的时候,或者说它更重要的意义,是儒家诗论所悬置的诗学规范和标准,因而不能用来概括一个时代的诗歌特点。从元代诗论家的论述和诗歌创作中去追寻,去概括,元人主导性的诗风追求是清和(清、和)、恬淡、平易。若用一个词来概括,就是"清和"。要认识元代诗论家心目中的"清和",需要对这些相关概念的元人论述作大量系统的梳理,以期比较清晰地认识元人的这一风格主张和诗风追求。元人追求"清和",也是要在唐、宋诗繁荣之后,在诗风上于唐宋诗之外别树一帜。

Poetic theorists in the Yuan dynasty advocated the poetic style of "tranquility and harmony".For a long time, scholars have labeled"elegance and righteousness"to its poetic style, which is regarded as the main feature of Yuan poetry. Elegance and righteousness is indeed a concept of Chinese poetic style, but mostly or significantly, it is the standard and criterion of Confucianist ideas on poetry.Therefore, it could not be used to summarize the poetic features of one era. Starting from the theory and poem writings of the Yuan scholars, it can be concluded that the dominant poetic style in the Yuan dynasty pursued tranquility, harmony, loftiness, and amiability. To sum up in one impression, it is tranquility and harmony. To better understand the "tranquility and harmony"of the Yuan poetic theorists, it is necessary to systematically sort out the relative concepts of the Yuan critics so as to have a clear picture of their advocacy and pursuit for the poetic style. Tranquility and harmony by the Yuan scholars developed after the poetic prosperity in the Tang and Song dynasties, set up a new banner in poetry.