从边缘进入视域中心:美国联邦政府教师教育政策的发展

From Peripheral to Core: A Role Transformation of Federal Government in U.S.Teacher Education Policy

美国联邦政府在教师教育发展中的角色经历了不断变化的过程,体现了政府从关注教师培养数量转向提高教师培养质量的发展方向。教师教育政策在联邦政府教育中的地位经历了从边缘到教育政策的中心的转变。20世纪50年代以来,联邦政府通过立法、项目资助与发布教师教育研究信息等形式,不断加大对教师培养与教师专业发展问题的关注。一方面反映了美国国家与社会利益至上的价值取向,另一方面也折射出美国教师教育蕴涵的政治意味。文章认为国家在教育事务上,尤其是关乎教师质量方面,应该扮演积极重要的角色。

The role US Federal government has played in teachers education has experienced constant changes.It goes from concern for teacher cultivation number to concern for improvement of teacher education quality,and the importance of federal government has been from perpheral to core.Since 1950s,federal government has increasingly given concern to teacher cultivation and development in aspects of legislation,project funding,and teacher education information release.It reflects the interest-orientation of the nation and society,and also shows the political elements in US teacher education.This paper argues that the government should play a positive role in the educational affairs,especially in teacher quality.