误读的政治:shibboleth和见证之诗——论德里达和阿甘本对大屠杀文学的解读

The Politics of Misreading: Shibboleth and the Poetics of Testimony

本文拟从德里达和阿甘本对Shibboleth这一概念的解读,以及两位理论家通过这一概念对保罗·策兰和普利莫·列维这两位"集中营文学"代表作家的两篇作品所进行的分析,试图理清Shibboleth概念对当代文艺思想的意义,并从中探索当代见证诗学的可能性和限度。研究发现,与德里达通过对策兰作品中"Shibboleth"一词的解读试图铭刻特定日期来抵抗遗忘不同,阿甘本则试图勾勒Shibboleth与其核心哲学概念Homo Sacer的关系,进而将它作为一个无意义的声音,来见证暴力的永恒存在。

Following the interpretation of the concept 'Shibboleth' by Jacques Derrida and Giorgio Agamben, the author tends to elucidate the contribution of the philosophical figures to the contemporary literature of Camps. By examing one of Paul Celan's stanzas in the poetry Eins, Jacques Derrida tried to pinpoint the word 'Shibboleth' as a symbol of concrete date which became the resistance of the oblivion. However, in Giorgio Agamben's elaboration the same word 'Shibboleth' became the void form, which finally lead to the testimony of the violence of the massacre.