美国文学场域与葛浩文的文学翻译——以莫言的两部作品为例

The Field of American Literature and Goldblatt’s Literary Translation Practices——Exemplified by Two of Mo Yan’s Novels

本文以布迪厄的社会学理论为指导,以莫言的《丰乳肥臀》和《四十一炮》的翻译为例,发现葛浩文在一定程度上,根据美国文学场域的思潮和爱好,进行翻译选材。他本人在该场域中长期熏陶,能充分考虑到美国文学场域内的翻译规范和美国读者的阅读习惯,偏向于采用归化译法,同时也会适当采用一些异化译法,以求体现原文诗学和文化层面上的异域之美。

Guided by Bourdieu’s sociology,the paper aims for an explanatory and descriptive translational study of how the field of American literature influenced Goldblatt’s literary translation practices.Based on Goldblatt’s translations of two of Mo Yan’s novels,namely Big Breasts and Wide HipsandPow,the paper discovers that Goldblatt selected for translating what caters for the needs and trends in the field of American literature,with his selection of translations in agreement with his value judgment about literature that is closely linked with his personal habitus in the term of Bourdieu’s sociology.A close reading of these two translations finds that Goldblatt complied with the translation norms and the reading habits in the field of American literature so much so that he tended to adopt a translational strategy of domestication,but in some cases he would also make good use of the translational strategy of foreignization so that he could represent the exotic feels and tones in the source texts,as far as their poetics and culture are concerned.