叙事与诗史——以清初三家杜诗注为中心

Narrative and Poetry of History: A Case Study of Poetry Annotations of Du Fu in the Early Qing Dynasty

杜甫诗向有"诗史"之称,而"诗史"之核心为叙事。清初仇兆鳌、浦起龙、吴瞻泰评注杜诗,都比较关注杜诗的叙事问题。仇、浦常透过诗歌的表现手法,揭示其所呈现的事实,其叙事观可谓是"以事统叙"。吴氏重在考察杜诗叙事的"叙",认为杜甫"以史法为诗法"。三位清代学者对杜诗的叙事分析,正是"诗史说"的批评实践,故梳理他们之注杜,可以深化对诗史与叙事关系的认识,也可比较具体地了解诗歌抒叙两大传统并存与互动的关系。

Du Fu’s poetry has been widely regarded as the poetry of history,in which narrative has played a central role.Thus in the early Qing dynasty,Qiu Zhaoao,Pu Qilong and Wu Zhantai all emphasized the issue of narrative in their annotation of Du Fu’s poetry.Qiu and Pu often revealed historical facts through analyses of expressions in Du Fu’s poetry,whose view of narrative can be called'narrative dominated by story.'Wu was mainly interested in narration of Du Fu’poetry,and considered that Du Fu'wrote poems with the brush of a historian.'Their narrative analyses of Du Fu’s poetry were critical practice guided by the poetry of history theory.Therefore,a study of those annotations will contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between narrative and the poetry of history.It also elaborates on the coexistence and interaction of the two traditions,lyrical tradition and narrative tradition.