内皮特异和富含miRNAs对血管功能的影响

Effects of endothelial-specific and endothelial-enriched miRNAs on vascular function

MicroRNAs(mi RNAs)是广泛存在于真核生物中的一组不编码蛋白的小分子RNA,由含茎环结构的mi RNA前体经核糖核酸酶(Dicer)加工后形成。在真核生物中,mi RNA s具有组织特异性和时序性,只在特定的组织和发育阶段表达,在细胞的分化、生长和凋亡过程中发挥广泛的作用。大量研究表明内皮特异和内皮富含的mi RNAs对血管功能的调节有重要作用,如内皮细胞特异性mi R-126在维持血管内皮完整性、炎症反应以及血管新生过程中均有显著作用;内皮富含的mi R-221/222、mi R-21等参与炎症反应、血管新生、内皮衰老等功能的调节。

mi RNAs, widely presenting in eukaryotes, are a group of non-coding small RNAs generated from hairpin mi RNA precursors(pre-mi RNAs) by Rnase-Dicer. It has been demonstrated that mi RNAs possess the characteristics of tissue specificity and sequential expression and only express in particular organs at stages of special developments. mi RNAs play an essential role in cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Numerous studies show that endothelial-specific and endothelial-enriched mi RNAs exert effects on vascular function. For example, endothelialspecific mi R-126 plays a vital role in inflammation, angiogenesis, as well as endothelial integrity, while endothelialenriched mi R-221/222 and mi R-21 participate in regulation of inflammation, angiogenesis, and endothelial senescence and so on.