演讲·语篇·修辞·效力——我国大学生英语演讲稿的若干语篇修辞倾向分析

Speech·Discourse·Rhetoric·Effectiveness:An Analysis of Rhetoric Tendencies in English Speeches Written by Chinese University Students

中国学生在英语学习中的母语语用习惯迁移是一种常见的现象,在中国学生的英语演讲稿中,汉语修辞价值取向的迁移也十分普遍,主要表现在立论偏弱和说理语篇的汉语式建构这两个方面。英语修辞强调的明确立论、开篇立论和直线型的语篇模式更适用于演讲这种大众传播活动。在与西方世界的话语交锋中,恰当运用英语的修辞风格和语篇建构可以充分保证演讲的传播效力,从而在沟通中赢得主动。因此,在教学中应当强化英语修辞思想在语篇中的实现,以提升学生的跨文化意识和沟通效力。

It is a common phenomenon that Chinese students would transfer their Chinese pragmatic habits to English in their writing or speaking.As a matter of fact,in the speech texts written by Chinese students,the transfer of Chinese rhetoric style is a universal practice among Chinese students,particularly in terms of the inadequate establishment of central point and the construction of argumentative discourse in the Chinese style.Analyses show that English rhetoric principles,such as the presence of a clear-cut,explicit point and the linear progression of discourse,are more speech-friendly and can guarantee more effective response from the audience.In the global context of communication,applying English rhetoric principles would bring about more fruitful outcome.Therefore,the teaching and practice of English rhetoric needs to be strengthened in education so as to enhance students’ cross-cultural awareness and competence.