古汉语疑问语气的英译——以《论语》为例

Translating the interrogative Mood in Classical Chinese: A Case Study of Lun Yu

根据邵敬敏的现代汉语疑问句等级模型和王建国的英语疑问句等级模型,构建了相应的古汉语疑问句等级模型。选取《论语》为例,分析了7个《论语》英译本中对古汉语疑问语气的英译。总结出古汉语的特指问句与英语的特殊疑问句、古汉语的是非问句与英语的一般疑问句、古汉语的选择问句与英语的选择问句表达疑问的功能相当,形式上存在大致的对应关系等基本规律性的认识。这些规律性的认识有助于中国文化走出去的英译实践。

With the policy of Chinese culture "going out", it is of much significance to study the translation of classical Chinese. This article constructed the class model of the interrogative mood in classical Chinese based on that of modern Chinese done by Shao Jingmin and that of English done by Wang Jianguo. The author made detailed analysis of the translation of the interrogative mood in 9 English versions of Lun Yu, with the methods of induction, comparison, description and statistics. The article concludes some basic understandings of translating the interrogative mood in classical Chinese and finds its equivalences in modern English, which is conducive for spreading Chinese culture.