某钢铁企业职业伤害流行病学研究

Epidemiological study of occupational injuries in one steel company

为了解钢铁企业职业伤害分布特征及事故原因 ,本次研究对某钢铁企业 1988～ 2 0 0 1年 14年的职业伤害事故进行了回顾性调查。结果表明 :钢铁企业的职业伤害随着时间的推移 ,呈现明显的下降趋势 (P<0 0 5) ,轻伤、重伤、死亡的比例为 40∶2∶1;男性易女性发生职业伤害 ,年轻职工易发生职业伤害 ,本工种工龄小于 5年的职业伤害人数占 51 2 3 % ;伤害主要累及四肢和头颈部 ,烧烫伤和骨折是主要的伤害类型 ,职业伤害的主要原因为违规操作、注意力不集中等人为原因 ,其次为设备。

In order to explore the epidemiological characteristics and accident r easons of occupational injury, the data of Occupational injuries in the steel pl ant during employment from January 1988 to December 2001 were analysed. By retro spective analysis for the 14 year data of occupational injury, we found the decr easing trend of incidence of occupational injury in steel industry, male has gre ater incidence of occupational injury than female, the shorter of duration of em ployment means a greater incidence of occupational injury. The major body part o f occupational injury are the head and extremity, the major nature of injury are burns and fracture. The most cause of injuries are violation of regulation and distraction of attention by the victim himself or herself, the next reasons are the limitation of equipments and the bad condition of production.