东灵山辽东栎林啮齿动物群落组成及多样性

Composition and Diversity of Rodent Community in Quercus liaotungensis Forest in Dongling Mountain Area

1999～ 2 0 0 1年采用标记重捕法对东灵山小龙门林场辽东栎林啮齿动物群落进行了 1 2次调查。共布 2 93 6笼日 ,捕得啮齿动物 2 68只 ,平均捕获率为 9%。啮齿动物群落包括三科四属 ,由朝鲜姬鼠(Apodemuspeninsulae)、社鼠 (Niviventerconfucianus)、棕背 (Clethrionomysrufocanus)和花鼠 (Eotamiassibiricus)组成 ,分别占群落的 85 5 %、8 6%、3 0 %和 2 6%;朝鲜姬鼠为优势鼠种。标记重捕调查表明朝鲜姬鼠重捕率无性别差异 (t =0 91 3 ,P >0 0 5 )。啮齿动物物种多样性指数和均匀度指数均呈“低 高 低”年间波动趋势 ,差异不显著 (t=0 1 65 ,P >0 0 5 ) ;生态优势度指数变化趋势反之 ,样地间无显著差异(t=0 0 64,P >0 0 5 )。可以认为该地区辽东栎林中啮齿动物群落结构较稳定。

Rodent communities in the forest of Quercus liaotungensis in Xiaolongmen Forest Farm of Dongling Mountain Area were surveyed by mark-recapture method from 1999 to 2001.There were 2?936 trap nights and 268 captures in live traps with an overall trapping success rate of 9%.The results showed that the rodent community in Oak forest was comprised with three families and four genera,including the Large Field Mouse( Apodemus peninsulae ),White-Bellied Rat( Niviventer confucianus ),Grey Red-Backed Vole( Clethrionomys rufocanus) and Siberian Chipmunk( Eotamias sibiricus), with a species composition rate of 85.5%,8.6%,3.0% and 2.6% respectively.The sex ratio was F∶M=0.84,and no significant difference was found. A.peninsulae was the dominant rodent species and trap response heterogeneity among sexes did not emerge by mark-capturing,which indicated that Large Field Mouse did not show any response heterogeneity for the living traps( t =0.913, P >0.05).Both species diversity and richness showed patterns of “low-high-low” from 1999 to 2001,while the index of species dominance was just converse.However,the differences in indexes of species diversity,richness and dominance between two plots do not make statistical significance( t =0.165, P >0.05; t =0.064, P >0.05).Our findings suggest that there is substantial intrinsic of the rodent community in the Oak forest.