新见北魏元进墓志探研

Exploration on the Newly Unearthed Yuanjin's Epitaph of the Northern Wei Dynasty

齐运通先生《洛阳新获七朝墓志》一书收录新见《魏故苻(符)玺郎中元进墓志》,对于了解北魏洛阳时代的政局,特别是宣武帝的宗室政策大有裨益。该志篇幅简短,但内涵丰富,只有将其置于具体的时代背景,广泛联系同类宗室墓志,方能揭示其中隐含的政治深意,进而破解王朝命运的历史密码。元进祖出昭成帝,是服属疏远的非道武子孙,在孝文帝的家族化改革中渐趋边缘化,故而获得急欲揽权的宣武帝的信赖,得以亲近内侍的身份统领宗士,执掌符玺,参与枢机。透过元进墓志可知,宗室政策的变轨是宣武帝巩固专制皇权的必要举措。

YuanJin’s epitaph in the Northern Wei Dynasty is included by the Mr. Yuntong Qi’s book“Luoyang Newly Unearthed Seven-Dynasty Epitaphs”, which is of great advantage to betterunderstanding of the Luoyang political situation and especially Xuanwu emperor’s royal clan policy. The epitaph is short in the length but richin the connotation. It is the effective method to reveal theprofound political implication if the epitaph is put in the specifichistorical environment and extensively connected with the similar epigraphs so as to break historical code of the dynasty fate. As Yuanjin’s ancestor, Zhaocheng emperor is the distant relative of the royal clan group who is gradually marginalized in the familization reformation of Emperor Xiaowen. He got the trust from Emperor Xiaowen who is eager to obtain the royal power so as to intimateto the aide. As Emperor Xuanwu’s favorite confidential employee, he commanders the intellectuals, wields the jade token and participates in the important policy-making. It is revealed through the Yuanjin’s epitaph that the change of autocratic imperial policy is one of the indispensable measures for Emperor Xuanwu to consolidate his imperial authority.