刍议超过法定退休年龄人员的劳动权益

Discussion over Labor Rights and Interests of Staff beyond Statutory Retirement Age

近年来,各地对超过法定退休年龄但未享受养老保险待遇的人员与用人单位之间能否构成劳动关系的问题,众说纷纭,司法实务领域莫衷一是,严重影响司法权威。本文简要介绍了当前对超过法定退休年龄但未享受养老保险待遇的人员与用人单位之间法律关系认定的乱象,从劳动关系的属性、现行法的规定、劳动关系的构成要件、社会效果的分析等视角,论证该部分人员可以与用人单位形成劳动关系,并进而从未签订书面劳动合同的二倍工资、无固定期限劳动合同、工伤保险待遇,以及工作时间、休息休假、劳动报酬、劳动保护、劳动条件和职业危害防护等方面梳理出该部分人员可以享受的劳动法上的权利保障范围,为今后劳动法的相对化、分层次立法提供初步探索。

In recent years,there are a lot of discussions about whether there a labor relationship between the staff who are beyond statutory retirement age but do not enjoy pension benefits and employers. In the field of judicial practice,there are also many disputes over it,which has severely affected judicial authority. By briefly describing the chaos of recognition of the legal relationship between them,this paper proves the viewpoint that there is a labor relationship between them from the perspectives of property of labor relations,provisions of current law,the constituent elements of labor relations and analysis of social effects so as to define the scope of rights coverage in labor law for the staff from perspectives of double wages for not signing a written employment contract,non-fixed term labor contract,work injury insurance benefits,as well as working hours,rest and vacation,labor remuneration,labor protection,working conditions and occupational hazard protection,which provides a preliminary exploration for the future relativation of the labor law and multi-layer legislation.