中国苦草属(Vallisneria)植物命名考及区分要点

Naming history,classification and characteristics of species from the genus Vallisneria in China

由于苦草属(Vallisneria L.)植物的繁殖器官微小,营养器官相似且变异较大,使该属植物的鉴定和命名较混乱。笔者通过对有关文献的考证和长期跟踪观察,对我国记载的苦草属3种植物——苦草(Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara)、刺苦草(V. spinulosa Yan)、密刺苦草(V. denseserrulata Makino)的命名历史进行了梳理,并对这3种植物的形态特征进行了详细描述。根据种间形态差异,可为苦草属植物的分类鉴定和相关研究提供一定的参考。

Identification and classification of the genus Vallisneria is confusing due to the small reproductive organs,similar vegetative organs,and large variation.Based on relevant literature and long-term follow-up observations,the naming history of three species of Vallisneria in China,i.e.,Vallisneria natans(Lour.)Hara,V.spinulosa Yan,and V.denseserrulata Makino,was clarified and their taxonomic characters were described in detail.The morphological differences between these species should provide a reference for the classification and identification of the genus Vallisneria.