拱坝体形优化的数学模型

Mathematical models for shape optimization of arch dams

本文总结了作者把拱坝优化这一新技术成功地应用于实际工程的经验。以前,拱坝优化的研究工作虽较活跃,但一直未能应用于实际工程,其原因主要是由于数学模型未能实用化。作者建立了拱坝优化的合理而实用的数学模型,包括6种实用的几何模型以及与拱坝设计规范完全协调的约束函数,并大力在水利水电系统中推广。使拱坝优化成功地应用于近30个实际工程,其中包括高度超过250m的2个设计中的最高拱坝,取得了巨大的经济效益和社会效益。完全用优化方法设计的瑞洋拱坝已竣工蓄水3年多,运行正常。

Some experiences are summed up in this paper to show how to apply the methods of shape optimization to practical arch dams.The key to the settlement of the question lies in the rationality and practicality of the mathematical model including the geometrical model and the functions of constraint.Six types of practical geometrical models for arch dams are introduced.Meanwhile,the authors define the functions of constraint which satisfy all demands of design specitications.Methods of optimization have been used by the authors to determine the shapes of about 30 practical arch dams,including two dams with heights over 250m.Ruiyang Arch Dam,designed by optimization method,was completed 3 years ago and has performed successfully since then.