美国现代城市规划思维理念体系及借鉴与启示

REASON THINKING SYSTEM OF MODERN CITY PLANNING IN U. S. A. IN ADDITION TO DRAWING LESSONS AND ENLIGHTENMENT FROM IT

从美国城市规划发展的历史过程入手,重点论述了美国现代城市规划思维理念体系,包括城市规划的编制、管理、实施、监督等各方面,在此基础上,提出了适应我国社会主义市场经济的城市规划发展的借鉴、启示、建议。

Starting from historical process of city planning development in U. S. A. , this paper mainly discusses reason-thinking system of modem city planning in U. S. A. , including working out managing, enforcing, arid supervising city planning, and so on. Based on this, then puts forward lessons N enlightenment and proposal which are suitable for developing city planning in China under the circumstance of socialism market economy. Firstly, the history process of city planning of development in U. S. A. is divided into three stages: the first one is when city planning was in the rudimentary condition and planners were exploring them; and the second one is when city planning was developing rapidly and its main task was the construction of city; and the third one is when city planning was developed and its reason-thinking was inclined to comprehensive. Secondly, reason-thinking system of modern city planning in U. S. A. is summarized one comprehensive department. The governmental department of city planning is provided with comprehensive functions, which include economy, society, planning, construction, measurement, and so on. Regulation and serves are theirs thread in the course of city planning. City planning reflects mainly regional comprehension and management government. Theirs city planning would strive to the results of accelerating the growth of urban economy, creating more employments and beautifying the environment. Finally, based on the above mentioned, the paper draws a conclusion on some lessons and enlightenment in accordance with China. Firstly, our city planning should strengthen research force of regional planning and should adopt the idea of harmonious and whole region and managing government in the course of reason-thinking. Secondly, the operating mechanism of our city planning should be macro-regulation methods of government based on market-oriented economy. Thirdly, our city planning should give expression to four principles of decision-making and innovations-making, democracy and laws, regional characteristic and whole coordination. Fourthly, the administrational mechanism should be innovated between the department of planning administration and relative other ones. Fifthly, social supervision should be promoted; laws supervision should be strengthened; etc.