从蓝田案探讨中国财务报表品质

Exploring Earnings Quality of China Listed Companies from the Case of Lan - Tian Inc.

本文主要根据中国股市中操纵财务报表的重要案例:蓝田案,探讨中国上市公司财务报表操纵的问题。从蓝田案中可知,蓝田股份有限公司在中国上市后,一直成为重要的绩优上市公司,获利能力极优,市场也给予极高的评价,称为“中国农业第一股”。然而,在刘妹威的“应立即停止对蓝田股份发放贷款”一文之后,蓝田股份立即被市场唾弃为垃圾股。究其原因,主要系蓝田股份透过应收帐款从事虚增营收、以固定资产的高度成长吸收虚增的保留盈余、关联方(关系人)交易、神奇的鱼塘效益、过高的职工人数与过低的职工月均收入、现金流量与营业活动不符等因素。从蓝田股份中可知,中国的会计师、股民外部监督力量应属不足,中国证监会又无法有效管理所有上市公司财务报表的品质,致造成上市公司财务报表品质不足够。蓝田股份的财务报表操纵方法在中国上市公司虽属特殊案例,是否为冰山一角?本文最后提出,如何根据这个案例,强化中国证券市场的市场机制、一般公认会计准则、会计师等,以解决财务报表品质的相关建议。

This study aims to examine the case of Lan -Tian Inc. , a listed company in China in order to understand the potential of earnings management among listed company in China. The Lan - Tian Inc. employed the artificial accounting methods to increase revenues and decreases operating expenses in which the Lan - Tian transferred artificial increase of retained earnings to the accounts of fixed assets. The case of Lan - Tian Inc. explores the problems of earnings quality among China listed companies. In addition, the case pinpoints the corporate governance and stock market institutional mechanism are not sufficient in promoting quality of financial statements maintaining on a reasonable level. The management tries every mean to manipulate financial statements. Thus, the China Securities Exchange Commission should design a better institutional arrangement in order to hold a reasonable quality of financial statements among listed firms.