儿童注意缺陷多动障碍智力的META分析

【目的】探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童与正常儿童智力水平及均衡性的差异。【方法】复习7篇有关文献,对ADHD儿童和正常儿童的总智商(FIQ)、语言智商(VIQ)及操作智商(PIQ)进行META分析。【结果】ADHD患儿智商多在正常范围或处于边缘水平(平均FTQ在89 94之问,VIQ在88-95之间,PIQ在89～99之间)。ADHD患儿智商均低于正常对照组(FIQ低于对照组1.44个标准差,VIQ低于对照组1.78个标准差,PIQ低于对照组O.98个标准差)。在语言智商(VIQ)与操作智商(PIQ)的均衡性上,ADHD组患儿的智力发展不平衡的总优势约为对照组的7.17倍(OR=7.17)。【结论】ADHD患儿智商多在正常范围或处于边缘水平。ADHD与智力发展不平衡有关联。ADHD儿童可能存在言语理解能力不足或与言语理解能力相关的左半球功能缺陷。

[Objective]To study intelligence and its balance in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).[methods]Independent investigations on intelligence in children with ADHD were selected for metaanalysis, including 7 studies on intelligence evaluated by WISC.[Results]The lQ of children with ADHD was normal or sub-normal (The average of FIQ was 89～94;The average of VIQ was 88～95;The average of PIQ was 89～99). The IQ of children with ADHD was lower than that of normal children (The FIQ of children with ADHD was 1.44 times standard deviation lower than that of nomal children;The VIQ of children with ADHD with 1.78 times standard deviation lower than that of normal children;The PIQ of with ADHD was 0.98 times standard deviation lower than that normal children).The pooled OR value on intellectual balance in children with ADHD was 7.17 with 95% confidence interval ranged from 4.0965 to 11.3771.Their balance between VIQ and PIQ was poor. [Conclusion] The IQ of children with ADHD was normal or sub-normal.Their balance between VIQ and PIQ was poor.The children with ADHD possibly had poor verbal comprehension and its interrelated left hemisphere dysfunction.