从美国新农业法案看其农产品自由贸易政策的转变

Transformation of American free trade policy of agricultural products indicated in 'agricultural security and rural investment act of 2002'

美国自 1933年起 ,迄今共颁布了 10余部农业法。 1985年农业法推行农业市场化改革 ,从而揭开了农产品自由贸易政策的篇章。但是 ,2 0 0 2年 5月 13日 ,美国总统布什签署了《农业安全与农村投资法案》 ,大幅度提高了对农业的补贴。与以往农业法相比 ,该法案受补贴农产品的范围扩大 ,补贴金额达历史最高水平 ,补贴标准有所提高 ,补贴性质由黄箱政策向绿箱政策转变 。

Since 1933,America has issued over ten agricultural acts. The agricultural act of 1985 pushed marketing reform on agriculture, marking the beginning of the free trade policy of agricultural products. In 2002, 'Agricultural Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002' was sanctioned, which increased the subsidies for agriculture greatly, and the amount of subsidies reached the highest level in history. Compared with the former agricultural acts, 2002 Act enlarged the range of agricultural products to be subsidized, raised the subsiding standard, and transformed the subsidized objects from 'green box' to 'yellow box'. However, it is argued that this 2002 Act actually made the free trade policy of agricultural products fall back.