绿背纸币运动的历史背景、思想渊源及影响

The Movement of Paper Currency with Green Overleaf: Its Historical Background, Ideological Origin and Influence

南北战争期间,联邦政府发行了大量不可兑赎硬币的绿背纸币。战后,共和党政府企图撤销绿背纸币,并恢复了纸币与黄金的兑赎机制。但是,随着自给自足农业经济向农业商品经济的转变,美国农场主由硬币主义转向通货膨胀主义,由自由放任主义转向政府干预主义。农民也反对撤销绿背纸币,反对恢复硬币支付,为此发起了绿背纸币运动。

During the war between North and South, federal government issued lots of paper currency with green overleaf which cannot be exchanged for coins. After the war, the government of Republic Party tried to recall the currency, but with the transformation from small-scale peasant economy to agricultural commodity economy, both the farmers and the peasants were all against recalling the currency and paying with coins. At that background, the movement of paper currency with green overleaf broke out.