舞三毛金藻的分类和生物学

BIOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION OF PRYMNESIUM SALTANS

采用光镜和电镜对引起我国养殖鱼类中毒并造成大批死亡的三毛金藻进行了详细观察,系统地研究了其特殊运动方式,形态结构,繁殖方法,孢囊,鳞片形式及纹饰,两种鞭毛的结构和功能,并对其生物学等也进行了调查研究,证明在天津地区引起鱼类中毒的是舞三毛金藻(Prymnesium saltans Massart et Conrad,1926)。同时认为鳞片结构可作为属的特征之一,但不能作为种的唯一特征。本文对舞三毛金藻亚显微结构及孢囊形态描述,进一步补充和完善了种的鉴定特征。

Both Prymnesium sahans and Prymnesium parvum can secrete toxins and cause fish mortality. There was controversy on whether it was Prymnesium sahans or Pryrnnesium parvum that caused fish mortality in China. Prymnesium parvum has been examined by electron-microscopy; some reports suggest that the pattern of scales provides grounds for classification. So far, Prymnesium saltans has not been observed by etectronmicroscopy. It is difficult to differentiate between Prymnesium saltans and Prymnesium parvum. Since 1984, we have systematically studied the peculiar mode of swimming, body form, cyst, propagation, pattern of the scales, and structure and function of the flagella of Prymnesium saltans by light and electronmicroscopy and also the biology and other aspects of this species. We have proved that it was Prymnesium saltans instead of P. parvum that caused fish mortality in TianJin region. It has also been proved that the scale can be regarded as one of the characteristics of the genus, but not of the species.