坡地茶园蓄水保土增产技术试验研究

A Experimental Study on Yield—raising Technologies of Soil Storation and Water Conservation in Tea Plantations of Slope Land

豫南大别山区栽培茶树历史悠久,茶农在茶园管理和茶叶生产上有一定的实践经验和栽培技术。但是,随着茶园面积不断扩大,加之管理粗放和掠夺式经营,致使一些茶园形成“未老先衰”,经济效益下降。针对上述问题,笔者自1987年开展了坡地茶园蓄水保土增产技术与效益试验研究。该项研究主要有两个方面:1.间作绿肥生物护坎保土技术;2.多条密植更新改造技术。试验结果表明:在坡地茶园采取多条密植更新改造技术和间作绿肥护坎保土技术措施,均取得了显著的水土保持效益、经济效益和社会效益。

The tea has been cultured in Dabishan mountains of South Henan province for along time. Tea peasants have got much practical experience and know many culturaltechnologies about the management of tea plantation and the production of tea. Nev-ertheless,as the increase in planting area and scarely administration as well as plundermanagement, some tea plantations have been old before ones time and so have loweconomical benefits. To solve these problems, the authors have made the study on benefit experiment and yield-raising technologies of soil and water conservation intea plantations of slope land. It includes two parts: the biological technologies areused to protect landsides and soil by interplanting green manure; and, the renew tech-nologies of many stripes and close planting. The results show that it has achivedremarkable benefits of soil and water conservation, economy and socity to take manystripes and close planting, interplanting green manure for protecting landsides andsoil.