甜菜苗期病虫害药剂防治研究

Study on Chemical Control for Seedling Stage Disease and Pests of Sugar Beet

1998～2000年进行了不同药剂和不同施药方法防治甜菜苗期主要病虫害试验。结果表明,试验所用6种药剂中,30%呋福种衣剂按药种比1:40包衣,不仅对甜菜立枯病、地上害虫甜菜跳甲及地下害虫金针虫和蛴螬有较好防治效果,而且使甜菜的含糖量增加1.5度,产量增加25%,种衣剂的平均防效分别为:立枯病80.7%,跳甲89.8%,地下害虫95.0%。杀菌剂50%福美双可湿性粉剂闷种对立枯病的防效较低,仅为58.8%。杀虫剂35%甲基硫环磷乳油叶面喷施对跳甲的防效为79.2%,对地下害虫几乎无效。50%辛硫磷乳油拌种、40%甲基异柳磷乳油毒土穴施及5%甲拌磷颗粒剂穴施,对地下害虫的平均防效分别为70.8%、78.4%和81.4%,而对跳甲的防效很低。

Through three years' systemic studies, several tests of controlling for seedling stage disease and pests of sugar beet had been done. The results showed that 30% thiram and carbofuran seeding chemical could effectively control rhizoctonia rot (Rhizoctonia solaoi), mangold flea beetle (Chaetocnema discreta) and subterranean insect pests (Holotrichia diomphalia and Selatosomus latus) of sugar beet, the average control effect was 80.7%, 89.8% and 95.0% respectively. The yield and sugar content of sugar beet increased 25.0% and 1.5 degree respectively. The control effect of fungicide 50% thiram WP for rhizoctonia rot was 58.8%. The control effect of pesticide 35% phosfolan-methyl EC for mangold flea beetle was 79.2%, but it couldn't control subterranean insect pests. The control effect of pesticide 50%phoxim EC, 40%isofenphos-methyl EC and 5%phorate G for subterranean insect pests were 70.8%, 78.4% and 81.4% respectively. Then the effect of three pesticides to mangold flea beetle was very low.