酰胺类除草剂不同施药方法对大豆苗期安全性研究

Study on Safety of Soybean Seedling with Different Methods of Acetochlor and Clomazone

采用盆栽试验测定了酰胺类除草剂的代表品种乙草胺单用及与广灭灵混用不同施药方法对大豆苗期的安全性。试验结果表明,乙草胺无论是单用还是混用混土处理都会使大豆出苗时间延迟,并且降低最终出苗率。乙草胺单用及与广灭灵混用不混土处理,对大豆植株地上部影响较大,大豆出苗后真叶和1复叶叶片皱缩,以后再长出的叶片生长正常;大豆苗期株高、地上部鲜重均低于不施药对照,而对根的影响较小。乙草胺单用及与广灭灵混用混土处理对大豆苗期地下部有明显影响,大豆幼苗主根短、侧根少,大豆苗的根长比对照短,但根鲜重没有明显差异,对地上部影响较小。广灭灵单用无论混土处理还是不混土处理对大豆苗期生长均无明显影响,对大豆安全。

Results of pot experiment showed that mixed acetochlor with soil layer can delay soybean germinate and depress the rate of germination. Acetochlor effect mostly the soybean seedling shoot when spraying herbicide on soil surface. Soybean seedling leaves fold, but new leaves are normal, seedling height and fresh weight are lower than untreated whether it is used alone or mixed with clomazone. When mixed acetochlor with soil layer, acetochlor will effect mainly the seedling's root. The seedling top root is shorter and the lateral roots are fewer, root length is shorter than untreated, but the fresh weight of roots have no different. Clomazone is safe to soybean seedling, but mixed it with soil layer can depress the rate of germination.