口呼吸与鼻呼吸儿童牙弓、基骨形态差异的研究

A study on the difference of dental arch and base bone between oral breathing and nasal breathing children

目的 :比较口呼吸与鼻呼吸儿童牙弓、基骨形态的差异 ,探讨呼吸方式与牙弓、基骨形态的关系。方法 :通过口鼻气流同步测定系统的随机检测 ,选择鼻呼吸比例≤ 70 % (口呼吸组 )及≥ 95% (鼻呼吸组 )的 11～ 14岁儿童各 3 4人 ,测量石膏模型 ,比较其牙弓、基骨形态的差异。结果 :①口呼吸儿童与鼻呼吸儿童相比腭盖较高 ,上颌基骨较窄 ,形态相对窄长。②口呼吸儿童比鼻呼吸儿童的上颌中、后段牙弓较长 ,牙弓形态相对窄长 ,下颌牙弓后段形态也相对窄长。结论 :口呼吸可以引起儿童牙弓、基骨形态的改变。

Objective:To compare the morphology of dental arch and base bone between oral breathing and nasal breathing children.Methods: A simultaneous measurement system was applied to test oral and nasal respiration.34 oral breathing children and 34 nasal breathing children aged 11 to 14 years old were selected.The parameters of the morphology of dental arch a nd base bone were measured on the record models.Results:① The oral breathing children showed higher palatal vault,and narrower maxillary b ase bone.The configurations of maxillary base bone were comparatively narrower a nd longer.②The oral breathing children's medial and posterior parts of arches o f maxilla were longer,and the configurations of maxillary arch were comparativel y narrower and longer.The configurations of mandible posterior arch were compara tively narrower and longer too.Conclusion:Oral breathing m ay lead to morphological changes in dental arch and base bone in children.