植物根际营养研究进展

A Review on the Rhizosphere Nutrition Ecology Research

根际是受植物活根影响的土壤微区。植物根际营养生态是近年来的研究热点。笔者对根际土壤采样方法和营养检测技术、根际微区养分状况、根系分泌物对根际营养影响等方面的研究进展进行了综述。着重介绍了根际土壤田间采样和室内模拟培育方法,根际微域营养检测常用的电极法、电子探针法和冰冻切片法,总结了近20年来国内外根际土壤氮、磷、钾营养状况的研究成果,深入分析了根系分泌物对根际环境、养分释放及植物适应养分胁迫等的影响,提出了植物根际营养研究今后应加强的领域和方向。

Rhizosphere is the soil microzone affected by the living roots of plants.Rhizoshere nutrition ecology becomes the issue of the day in recent years.This paper reviewed the rhizosphere soil sampling methods,the determination technologies of nutrients of rhizosphere soils,the nutrient status in the rhizosphere microzone and the effects of root exudates on rhizosphere nutrition ecology.In the paper,highlights were given to the rhizosphere soil sampling method used in the field and simulated rhizosphere soil cultivation methods in the lab and three commonlyused rhizosphere nutrition determination technologies,namely,microelectrode,electronic probe and frosting and slicing.Research on the status of N,P and K nutrients in the rhizosphere in past two decades was discussed.The effects of root exudes on the microenvironment near the root,nutrient release and plant adaptability to nutrient stress were analyzed.Some aspects are also proposed that should be emphasized in future research work.