单焦点框架眼镜欠矫与青少年单纯性近视进展的关系

Relation between the rate of childhood myopia progression and spectacle prescription types included single vision lenses with under correction

目的 研究用单焦点框架眼镜进行全矫或者欠矫对青少年单纯性近视进展的影响。方法 回顾性研究 2 0 0 0年8月～ 10月我院视光门诊部就诊青少年 6 0例 12 0眼 ,随访12～ 2 6个月 ,平均 (14 .2 2± 4 .35 )月。全矫组与欠矫组各 30例 6 0眼 ,每组男 14例 2 8眼 ,女 16例 32眼 ,初次检查时全矫组 9～ 16岁 ,平均 (12 .6 5± 1.89)岁 ;欠矫组 9～ 16岁 ,平均(12 .38± 1.83)岁。按最大正镜最佳视力原则进行主觉验光、双眼平衡、试戴镜后记录最佳视力时全矫度数 ,随机予部分患者欠矫 - 0 .2 5～ - 0 .5 0DS ,随访至少 12个月 ,复查时记录全矫度数。结果 欠矫组和全矫组柱镜年进展分别为 (- 0 .10± 0 .2 5 )DC、(- 0 .10± 0 .17)DC ,2组间差异有显著统计学意义(P =0 .0 0 7) ;球镜年进展分别为 (- 0 .5 8± 0 .30 )DS、(- 0 .17± 0 .15 )DS ,2组间差异有显著统计学意义 (P =0 .0 0 0 ) ;等效球镜年进展分别为 (- 0 .6 3± 0 .31)DS、(- 0 .2 1± 0 .12 )DS ,2组间差异有显著统计学意义 (P =0 .0 0 0 )。结论 青少年单纯性近视患者配戴单焦点框架眼镜时 ,欠矫者近视进展比全矫者快。早发现近视、早全矫近视。

Objective To study the relations between the rate of childhood myopia progression and spectacle prescription types included single vision lenses with exact distance correction or slight under corretion.Methods Sixty subjects whose mean follow up time was (14.22±4.35) months(12～26 months) were enrolled from the myopic patients in the Optometry Clinical Center,the Eye Hospital.They were divided into full corrected group and under corrected group.Each group had 30 patients (60 eyes) including 14 males and 16 females.At the initial examination the age was (12.65±1.89) years (9～16 years) in full corrected group,and (12.38±1.83) years (9～16 years) in under corrected group,and the full corrected power was obtained by the procedures of subjective refraction(maximum plus to maximum visual acuity),binocular balance and trial frame technique.The subjects were selected at random to receive an under correction of -0.25 D～ -0.50 D under the power required to correct their myopia exactly.The full corrected power was recorded at the final examination after at least 12 months of follow up.Results The cylinder progression per year in full corrected group and under corrected group was(-0.10±0.17)DC,(-0.10±0.25)DC,respectively,which was significantly different( P = 0.007 ).The sphere progression per year in full corrected group and under corrected group was (-0.17±0.15)DS,(-0.58±0.30)DS,respectively,which was significantly different( P = 0.000 ).The equivalent sphere progression per year in full corrected group and under corrected group was (-0.21±0.12)DS,(-0.63±0.31)DS,respectively,which was significantly different ( P = 0.000 ).Conclusion The results of this study support the hypothesis that an under corrected myope has a higher rate of increase of myopia than one wearing a conventional spectacle full correction.To slow down the progression of myopia it is extremely important to figure out and full correct myopia as early as possible.