降低杂交稻谷加工破碎率途径的研究(I)——砻谷条件对不同品种稻米破碎率的影响

Research on Approaches of Reducing the Broken Ratio of the Hybrid Rice During Processing(I)—The Influences of Husking and Milling Conditions on the Broken Ratio of Hybrid Rice

本文在测定国产杂交稻、常规稻和日本稻 (对照 )的相关参数的的基础上 ,进行了砻谷实验 ,分析了砻谷机型和加工条件对不同品种稻米破碎率的影响 ,弄清了杂交稻破碎率高的原因。实验结果表明 :与常规稻和日本稻相比 ,杂交稻的一次脱壳率和出糙率低 ,糙碎率高 ,其主要原因在于杂交稻糙米的长径比大 ,且不成熟、不完善粒多 ,因此砻谷加工就易断裂 ,故杂交稻不适合使用冲击式砻谷机 ,而使用胶辊式砻谷机时 ,糙米厚度与胶辊间隙之比也不能小于 0 .65。

Based on the measurements of characteristics of China gybrid rice,China ordinary rice and Japanese rice which was used as a contrast,experiments of husking and milling were dealt with two types of machines under different processing conditions.The influences of the machines and processing conditions on the broken ratio of China hybrid rice were analyzed according to the experiment results,and then the reasons which led to the high broken ratio of China hybrid rice are made clear in this paper.Comparing the hybrid rice with ordinary rice and Japanese rice,we found that both the husking rate in the first circle and the brown rice rate of the hybrid rice are lower and the broken rate of brown hybrid rice is higher.That's because the brown hybrid rice has larger length to diameter ratio and lacks of maturity and integrity,which make it easy to be broken under the strong force during husking and milling processing.So the rubber roller mill is better than the attack mill if the ratio of thickness of the brown rice to the clearance between rubber rollers is not less than 0.65.