玉米淀粉生物降解薄膜的制备及其生物降解特性的研究

Studied on the Biodegradable Film and its Biodegradable Propertyof Corn Starch

以天然高聚物玉米淀粉为原料 ,经增塑、增强、交联后制备全生物降解薄膜。通过正交实验确定了三种增塑剂的协同作用最佳配比 ,探索了增强剂、交联剂对薄膜力学性能的影响 ,研究了该薄膜的生物降解特性 ,并通过X -衍射对该膜的结构进行表征。结果表明 :三种增塑剂的最佳用量为 15 %水、2 %丙三醇、2 %尿素 ,2 0 %增强剂聚乙烯醇、5 %交联剂乙二醛 ,所制备的膜强度达到国标GB4 4 5 6- 84所规定的标准 ;淀粉经塑化、交联后 ,次价键断裂 ,晶区被破坏 ,使淀粉具备热塑性。该膜微生物生长达到 4级 ,土埋 2 0天后 ,失重率达到 90 %。该研究结果为用淀粉制造一次性生物降解膜、消除“白色污染”。

Through plasticizing, reinforcing and cross linking, biodegradable film was made of corn starch. The best content of three plasticizers was affirmed by orthogonal designing. The effect of reinforce agent and cross linking agent on properties of biodegradable film is discussed. The structure of the biodegradable was observed by X-ray, the biodegradable properties of corn starch films were studied. The results show that the best content of plasticizers is water15%?glycero 12% and urea 2%, reinforcing agent PVA 20%?cross linking agent glyoxalin 5%. The strength of biodegradable film is reach for the national standard GB 4456-84. It was fond with X-ray when corn starch was plastered and cross linked, Vice-bond was broken and starch crystal was destroyed. The rate of growth of microbe was grade-4.The ratio of loosed weight of corn starch film is 90% after 20 days under the earth. The conclusion in the research will provide theoretical foundation and practical references for marking biodegradable film with corn starch and elimination'white pollution'.