生物入侵的危害及其防治对策

Harmfulness and Prevention Strategies of Biological Invasion

生物入侵已成为全球变化的一个重要影响因素,引起了国际社会的广泛关注。生物入侵不仅导致生态系统组成和结构的改变,而且彻底改变生态系统的功能和性质,最终导致本地种的灭绝、生物多样性降低,并给社会经济造成重大损失。介绍了生物入侵的途径、特点与现状,讨论了生物入侵的危害,并结合我国实际提出了加强对入侵种的预测和监控、加强生物防治等策略。

Biological invasion, one of the important elements of global changes ,has been a matter of vital concern to every country. Biological invasion not only leads to the conversion of the components and reconstructions of ecosystem, but also alters its basic functions and characteristics, resulting in the extinction of native species and loss of community biodiversity, and causing significant damage to social economy as well. This review focuses on some important issues of biological invasions: the characteristics and ways of biological invasion, the status of biological invasion, the harmfulness of biological invasion. Also, we point out the prevention strategies of biological invasion, such as enhancing the prediction and supervision of invasive species and biological control, so as to avoid severe negative consequences for our environment, economy and society.