智能温室环境控制的研究现状与发展方向

A survey of intelligent environment control technology in greenhouse

智能温室是农业现代化的一个缩影,其目标是实现经济效益最优.目前采用的智能温室环境控制策略有基于模型的控制、基于知识的控制和两者的结合.其控制水平分为三个层次,即仅考虑植物生长或仅从节能角度对控制系统实现最优赋值,从植物生长或产量、节能角度综合考虑实现最优以及从植物全部生长过程、市场及成本变化的因素、节能等角度综合考虑种植、栽培管理计划,实现经济最优.但目前国内比较成熟的温室控制技术仍停留在第一个层次上.加强控制理论同生产实际的密切结合,引入智能化方法及知识工程方法,实现人机智能系统控制将是未来温室控制的发展方向.

Intelligent greenhouse, as a sample of agricultural modernization, aims to optimize the economic profits. The prevalent strategies about greenhouse control are based on model control and /or knowledge control. Its control technology falls into the following three levels: the optimization of control system only from the angle of plant growth or energy conservation, that from the angle of combining plant growth, production and energy conservation and that taking all factors concerning planting management into consideration: whole process of plant growth, market, cost change and energy conservation. The current more advanced greenhouse control technology in China still remains at the first level. Its trend is to strengthen the integration of both theories with practice alld introduce intelligent control method and knowledge engineering and finally realize the man_machine intelligent conrtol.