TOPKAPI模型的改进及其在淮河流域洪水模拟中的应用研究

Further Development of the TOPKAPI Model and Its Application to the Huaihe River Basin for Flood Simulation

TOPKAPI模型是一个以物理概念为基础的分布式流域水文模型。对TOPKAPI模型进行了改进,增加了植物截留、降水下渗、土壤水深层渗漏、地下径流、河川径流等计算模块,并对壤中流计算模块作了相应的调整,将TOPKAPI模型改进成为一个较完整的分布式流域水文模型。采用因特网(Internet)上免费提供的数字高程、土壤和植被类型等网格资料,选用流域面积约为10000km2的中国淮河息县以上流域,应用改进后的TOPKAPI模型进行了洪水模拟,模型成果令人满意。

TOPKAPI is a physically based distributed hydrologic model.This paper makes further development of the TOPKAPI model by introducing new components including interception,infiltration,percolation and groundwater flow,and modifying the sub-surface flow component,aiming at developing a comprehensive,fully-distributed TOPKAPI model.A first try is carried out in this study to derive information from public domain through internet on the topo-graphy,soil and vegetation types for a case study Chinese catchment -- - Upper Xixian catchment in Huaihe River with an area of about10,000km 2 ,and to apply the new TOPKAPI model to the test catchment for flood simulation.The simulation results are satisfactory.