异形词的定义

The Definition of Variant Word in Chinese Language

《第一批异形词整理表》指出 ,异形词是“普通话书面语中并存并用的同音 (本规范中指声、韵、调完全相同 )、同义 (本规范中指理性意义、色彩意义和语法意义完全相同 )而书写形式不同的词语”。作为研究异形词定义的专论 ,本文的定义与制订国家的语言规范标准所下的定义是有区别的。此定义中所谓的“并存并用、同音同义”多受时空限制。而我们认为 ,要弄清楚异形词的定义 ,最主要的是要弄清楚异形词和同义词的区别。异形词是有若干书写形式的一个词 ,同义词是意义相同的若干个词。异形词就是多形词。如果同一个词有多种书写形式 ,那么这个词就叫异形词。

It is pointed out in The Table of Regulation of the First Batch of Variant Words that variant words refers to the words, existing and being used in written standard speech, that are both homonyms (same in sound, tone, and tune under this standard) and synonyms (same in rational meaning, literary meaning and grammatical meaning under this standard), but they have different spellings. As far as the study of the definition of variant word is concerned, this definition is different from one which is made in the national standard of language regularity. Such a notion is limited by time and location that variant words exist and are used while they are both homonyms and synonyms. It is the most important to acknowledge the difference between variant word and synonym in order to the definition of variant word. Variant word refers to a word which has different spellings whereas synonyms are words which have same meaning. Variant words are poly-spelling words. If a word has many forms of spellings, it is defined as a variant word.