贝毒及检测方法的研究进展

Advances on analysis and determination of shellfish toxins

针对腹泻性贝毒(DSP)、麻痹性贝毒(PSP)、神经性贝毒(NSP)、记忆缺损性贝毒(ASP)和西加鱼毒素(CTX)等5种主要贝类毒素,描述了其主要特征,给出部分毒物成分的化学结构式、毒性大小及毒理效应,对已有的生物分析检测方法和仪器分析技术作以介绍.其中,腹泻性贝毒的研究报道比较多,检测技术方法主要有4种,而且主要集中在软海绵酸(OA)上;麻痹性贝毒事故发生频率最高;而记忆缺损性贝毒和西加鱼毒素目前研究还相对较少,检测方法以免疫法为主.

The properties and speculation methods of 5 shellfish toxins, including diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP), paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP), amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) and ciguatoxinic fish poisoning (CTX), were reviewed. Their chemical structures, toxic effects and toxic thresholds were given consciously. The discussions also covered the corresponding biological and chemical analysis methods for them. According to the references, reported studies on DSP were more than the others either in their molecules or in their determination ways, as DSP is the most dangerous poison class and the caused accidents were happened frequently. OA (okadaic acid) as one of the DSP family members was focused mostly on its detection. On the contrary, CFP was reported a little while. By the way, some constructive recommendations on the study field were suggested in this paper as well.