饲料铜的添加量对南美白对虾生长、血液免疫因子及组织铜的影响

Effects of dietary copper on growth,immunological factors and tissue copper in Litopeneaus vannamei

通过在饲料中分别加入不同水平的硫酸铜,初步研究了饲料铜的添加量与南美白对虾(Litopenaeusvannamei)生长、血液免疫因子及组织中铜分布的关系。饲料铜元素的添加量分别为0、7.5、15、30、45mg/kg。研究结果表明,铜的含量对南美白对虾生长影响显著,添加水平30mg/kg的实验组生长速度显著高于其他组(P<0.05),成活率各组间差异不显著。实验组对虾的酚氧化酶(PO)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活力都高于对照组,其中当添加水平为30mg/kg时,两种酶的活力均最强。对虾肌肉铜的含量各组间无显著差异,为(4.27±1.83)mg/kg,个体间差异非常大;肝胰脏(包括淋巴器官)铜的最高含量为210.36mg/kg,最低为33.78mg/kg(空白对照组),明显高于肌肉中的含量。研究结果表明,饲料铜的含量对对虾生长影响显著,并影响对虾的免疫能力;肝胰脏是对虾体内铜的主要积累器官。

The designed levels of Cu2+ in diets were 0, 7.5, 15, 30 and 45 mg/kg, respectively. The experiment period was two months. The shrimp fed with the feed with Cu2+ 30 mg/kg grew faster than the other groups significantly. But the differences in survival rates were not significant. The activities of PO and SOD were influenced by the content of feed Cu2+ that they were highest when the Cu2+ level was 30 mg/kg feed. There were not significant differences in shrimp muscle copper content among different groups, of which the average value was (4.27±1.83) mg/kg, but it varied obviously among the individuals. The highest content of the hepatopanreas Cu2+ was 210.36 mg/kg, and the lowest was 33.78 mg/kg (control group), which was higher than that in the muscle. The results showed that the dietary copper level has effects on growth rate and immunological function in Litoenaeus vannamei; the accumulation of copper in shrimp hepatopancreas is higher than that in muscle. The optimal dietary copper level is 30 mg/kg.