粘性泥石流的泥深与残留层关系及其确定

Relation and Its Determination of Residual Layer and Depth of Viscous Debris Flow

粘性泥石流泥深是否包括残留层 ,一直存在着是与否二种观点和相应的二种观测值 ,其中大多数观测值不包括残留层。通过观测和试验 ,尤其原型观测表明 ,在后继粘性泥石流作用下 ,除底部很薄的一层不动外 ,残留层是运动的 ,泥深应该包含残留层厚度 ,对过去不包括残留层的泥深观测值应予更正 ,但各泥石流观测站过去均没有残留层及其不动层厚度的观测值。为此作者提出了用当时均有观测值的泥石流容重和沟床比降等计算残留层厚度的方法 ,以及不动层的处理意见 ,以确定当时泥深 。

Field observations of prototypic debris flows and simulation experiments have revealed that the residual layer, except a thin base, usually moves with the successive surge while it passes through. This means that the flow depth of the surge should contain the thickness of the residual layer and allow a correction to the calculation formulas of velocity and discharge of viscous debris flow that did not include the residual layer. However, there are no available data regarding with the residual layer in the existing observations. This paper puts forward a calculation using parameters such as debris-flow density and gully gradient to determine the depth of debris flow and hence complete the correction.